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KMID : 0897520000050010065
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Journal of Korean Association of Social Psychiatry
2000 Volume.5 No. 1 p.65 ~ p.71
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The Hisoty of British & Irish Community Psychiatry
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Shin Man-Sik
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Abstract
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Since the enactment of Mental Health Law in December 1995 the psychiatric services in Korea have been challenged by the changes which it initiated. In order to compare the challenges a review of the British and Irish community psychiatry while selective is undertaken. It is a personal view which aims to help in the drawing up of a planning framework for Korean psychiatric service and guiding future planning and development. The components of such a review include：sectorisation and community care, institutions and moral treatment, out-patient care, in-patient care, primary health care, day care, comprehensive services, domiciliary visits and crisis intervention, community psychiatric nurses, multidisciplinary teams and voluntary orgnisation and views of users of community psychiatric services. It seems to be characteristic of some social history that community care follow not a linear, but a circular trajectory. This review focuses on positive mainstreaming of community psychiatry principles, although there are unresolved issues of community psychiatry. In Britain & Ireland the change in the pattern of mental health care from an institutional to a community oriented approach has had a significant impact on not only the specialist mental health services, but also other community services, such as primary health care providers, community welfare agencies and housing agencies. The national policy advances the position that mental health services should be part of the mainstream health system and the provision of acute inpatient care within general hospital settings. It is argued that this strategy will result in an improvement in the quality of services and other health services and help to reduce the stigma. A comprehensive range of mental health services & integrated mental health programs closer to family, community and cultural networks are operating. The development of effective mental health promotion, prevention and early intervention strategies and the enhancement of training and support for primary care service providers, is fundamental to the achievement of the community care. Retaining sufficient numbers of high quality mental health staff are the best ways of ensuring good practice and services standards. For community psychiatric services the following undertakings are needed： 1) To set a clear direction & long-term planning for the future development of mental health services within Korea 2) To bring together service users and service providers to meet their needs. For every catchment area there must be one central authority that is responsible for planing the service system and have control of all the public funds. 3) Professional support, training and continuing education need to be available for all mental health staff. This training programs should be in the advance of mental health facilities which are being built.
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KEYWORD
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Community psychiatry, History, England, Ireland
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FullTexts / Linksout information
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Listed journal information
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